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2018
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Accelerate the Advancement of Meteorological Modernization — An Interpretation of the "China Meteorological Administration's Opinions on Strengthening Meteorological Disaster Prevention, Mitigation, and Relief Efforts"
Author:
Recently, the "Opinions of the China Meteorological Administration on Strengthening Meteorological Disaster Prevention, Mitigation, and Relief Efforts" were officially released, outlining that by 2020, the capacity for monitoring, forecasting, and issuing early warnings for meteorological disasters will be significantly enhanced. Public coverage of warning information is expected to reach over 95%, and a comprehensive risk map of meteorological hazards—characterized by broad coverage and strong targeted accuracy—will be established. By 2035, the capabilities and standards for monitoring, forecasting, and early warning of meteorological disasters will see a substantial leap forward, while the rule of law, standardization, and modernization of disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts will be markedly improved.
Recently, the "Opinions of the China Meteorological Administration on Strengthening Meteorological Disaster Prevention, Mitigation, and Relief Efforts" were officially released, outlining that by 2020, the capacity for monitoring, forecasting, and issuing early warnings for meteorological disasters will be significantly enhanced. Public coverage of warning information is expected to reach over 95%, and a comprehensive risk map of meteorological hazards—characterized by broad coverage and strong targeted accuracy—will be established. By 2035, the ability and sophistication in monitoring, forecasting, and early warning of meteorological disasters will see a substantial leap forward, while the legal, standardized, and modernized approach to disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts will be markedly improved.
With the release of the "Opinions," how will meteorological disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts evolve in the future, and what specific measures are being implemented? To shed light on these questions, Liu Yanming, Party Secretary and Director of the China Meteorological Administration, recently accepted an exclusive interview with a reporter for an authoritative interpretation.
Liu Yanming believes that meteorological disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts are characterized by their public welfare focus, strong scientific and technical expertise, high levels of interconnection and integration, and significant supporting roles—making them an indispensable and vital force in the nation's comprehensive disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief system. "Natural disasters—prevention, preparedness, and response—are closely tied to weather conditions," she said. "Precise, efficient, and authoritative weather forecasts and warnings serve as the first line of defense in integrated disaster management." Looking ahead to new scenarios and evolving demands, Liu emphasized that meteorology can fully leverage its "six key roles" in the national framework for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief: leading roles in monitoring and forecasting, pivotal roles in issuing timely warnings, critical support for risk management, robust safeguards for emergency response, effective coordination in overall management, and exemplary contributions to international disaster reduction initiatives.
To this end, the "Opinions" propose building a meteorological disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief system for the new era, which will specifically consist of five key systems: the meteorological disaster monitoring, forecasting, and early warning system; the emergency event warning information release system; the meteorological disaster risk management system; the organizational responsibility system; and the regulatory and standards system.
“Currently, the meteorological sector is vigorously promoting the modernization of weather services, with smart meteorology as a key hallmark. This initiative involves fully leveraging cutting-edge technologies such as the internet, big data, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing to foster deep integration between weather forecasting and multiple other fields. The resulting advancements will serve as a vital support for the ‘Five Major Systems,’ bringing extensive benefits to every stage of weather-related disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts,” said Liu Yaming.
Meteorological monitoring is the foundation; currently, China has essentially established a three-dimensional meteorological disaster monitoring network integrating space-based, airborne, and ground-based systems. Under the new-era meteorological disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief system, this monitoring network will continue to expand and refine its coverage, enabling intelligent sensing of major meteorological hazards in key regions. In terms of smart forecasting, weather forecasts are now accurate nationwide for periods ranging from 0 to 10 days, with spatial resolution reaching as fine as 5 kilometers. Looking ahead, China plans to further develop a seamless, fully comprehensive, and intelligent forecasting system spanning from minutes to years, while also advancing location-based, global gridded forecasting capabilities.
Liu Yaming introduced that developing impact-based forecasting and early warning systems represents a crucial step for the meteorological sector—moving closer to industry needs and aligning closely with user demands, while also serving as a key demonstration of smart meteorology. In recent years, the meteorological department has established impact assessment models and risk matrices based on weather probability across multiple sectors, including aviation, marine operations, and transportation. These tools have already played a vital role in disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts. Looking ahead, the department will continue to vigorously advance impact-based forecasting and early warning systems, enabling more proactive measures to reduce disaster risks. At the same time, efforts are being made to develop user-centric, all-media-oriented smart meteorological services, aiming to achieve automated, on-demand service delivery tailored to individual needs.
In terms of issuing emergency alert information, as of now, the national-level warning platform has achieved real-time collection, sharing, and rapid dissemination of 76 types of alerts across 16 departments. Public coverage of these warnings has reached 85.8%, while the timeliness of meteorological disaster alerts has been reduced to between 5 and 8 minutes.
"We will focus on two key areas: the collection and dissemination of early warning information. To further strengthen inter-departmental collaboration, we will place greater emphasis on leveraging new technologies and media platforms in delivering these warnings. Our goal is to ensure that, in the event of emergencies, our early warning messages become the 'first voice'—the authoritative source—effectively enhancing China's capacity to disseminate critical alerts and improve public preparedness." Liu Yanming emphasized that special attention will be given to bolstering early warning communication and reception capabilities in remote regions such as rural areas, pastoral zones, mountainous regions, and coastal areas. This includes maximizing the role of diverse emergency information teams and refining the "call-and-response" mechanism through multiple channels and innovative approaches, ultimately addressing the persistent challenge of reaching the "last mile."
Focusing on the nation's strategic goals, Liu Yanming stated that efforts will be made to advance the construction of the "five major systems" for meteorological disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief, ensuring a satisfactory response from the meteorological sector that truly meets the needs of the people. Moving forward, the China Meteorological Administration will prioritize the development of agricultural meteorological services, firmly maintaining their critical importance as it supports modern agricultural production, promotes sustainable rural development, and contributes to targeted poverty alleviation.
Meanwhile, taking China's key national city clusters as models, we will vigorously implement demonstration projects for meteorological disaster prevention, mitigation, and emergency response in priority regions. In the Xiong'an New Area, a new meteorological center dedicated to disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief will be established, with plans underway to scientifically design and build an integrated observation network. This will enable the development of a sophisticated forecasting and early-warning system, providing advanced weather forecasts and alerts tailored to the needs of the New Area. Additionally, in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area city clusters, a collaborative, three-dimensional observation network and a unified meteorological cloud-service platform will be set up. These initiatives will help establish a comprehensive risk management system for meteorological disasters across these urban areas, ultimately creating a single, unified map that visualizes all meteorological hazard risks. (Reporter: Guo Jingyuan)
Translated from — Xi'an High-Tech
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